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OpenStack

 
OpenStack is an open source framework used to provide API access to infrastructure resources. OpenStack is designed to run on commodity hardware such as X86 and ARM. Assets related to compute,storage, and networking resources across the various nodes, hosts,servers, and devices of a standard data center are grouped  into common pools. These assets are controlled and managed through a dashboard. This gives administrators control while empowering their users to provision resources through a web interface.


Originally developed by NASA and Rackspace. Since the first release , OpenStack has always been intended to be an open sources project that anyone could use or contribute to OpenStack is under Apache license 2.0 and is amongst the fastest growing open source software project , with a massive list of participating multinational companies and over 2,000 code contributors.

the code contribution and development is governed by the OpenStack Foundation, which is a non-profit corporate entity established in September 2011 to promote OpenStack software and its community.Project teams comprise groups of people using tools and processes to produce a number of deliverables for achieving a clearly stated objective.

Openstack is built to be non-proprietary, backward compatible with legacy systems, and able to integrate with any third party. it supports the ability to scale-up or scale out as you  grow.

Designed as a platform for offering Iaas, OpenStack makes it easy for users to quickly spin  off new instances (or VMs) upons which other components such as middleware can run Typically , the infrastructure then runs a platform upon which a developer can create software applications that are delivered to end users. Thus , the immediate benefit from OpenStack is for the cloud administrator, while the immediate benefit of platform-as -a-service (PaaS) is for the typical developer or programmer.

OpenStack presents two primary value propositions. the first is the ability to provide a programmatic API access infrastructure to the private cloud. By providing this public cloud capability in the private cloud, organizations can achieve the following benefits:

Reduced OpEx: By providing automated self-service provisioning of IT resources, IT can reduce manual intervention and IT tickets, thereby decreasing time and efforts when performing manual IT tasks.

Increased developer productivity: As the time needed to provision infrastructure resources reduces from days and weeks to just minutes, application development teams can be more productive and more responsive to market demands.

Improved control. security. and governance: By maintaining critical infrastructure and application date in the private cloud, IT can ensure governance trol and compliance and reduce the exposure rick of shadow IT.

Enhanced operational and SLA Control: By controlling the entire infrastructure, organizations with have the ability to control outages and maintenance windows, thereby building customizable customer-specific SLAs.


The second key value proposition is having a standard vendor-neutral API, unlike public cloud providers who usually their own AIPs, which locks customers to the vendor's platform.  OpenStack  deployment give customers a standard API that is independent of the underlying infrastructure components. Infrastructure services are hosted in the public or private cloud. which gives organizations the flexibility to choose the underlying compute, network, and storage technology that fits their needs, preventing vendor lock-in.

In addition, Having a standard vendor-neutral API enables a true hybrid cloud. By having the same set of APIs for public and private cloud , Organizations can easily migrate between public and private clouds leveraging the best of both worlds.

OpenStack Projects:




OpenStack has a modular architecture with various components (called Projects) that are officially listed in the projects.yaml file. These are updated regularly as new projects are added.

At present , there are 11 Openstack projects, including:

Projects NOVA for compute . NOVA manages and automates pools of computer resources, usually as VMs, and supports various hypervisors, such as Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM), ESXi, Xen and Hyper-V.

Projects swift for object storage , that is storage for objects and files.  Swift writes objects and files to multiple disk drives that are clustered across the data center and is responsible for ensuring data integrity and replication.

Project Cinder for Block Storage . This is the actual hard drive for VMs. Cinder is storage for bits of data as opposed to files and is ideal for performance sensitive applications such as databases or raw block level storage. Cinder manages creating , attaching or detaching of block devices to servers and supports block devices such as EMC, Ceph and Netapp.

Projects Neutron for network .
Neutron manages networking VLANs, IP addresses,DHCP and NAT. Neutron also provides an extension framework  to deploy load balancers, firewalls and VPN. It also supports SDN and Openflow





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